Nyob ib ncig ntawm Suav Xyoo 2020, muaj kab mob ntsws ntau tshwm sim thoob plaws lub tebchaws Suav. Vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob tshiab txog kabmob hnoos hawbpob mob tsis txaus, thaum lub Ib Hlis 2020, ntau lub tsev nyob thoob plaws lub tebchaws tau tshaj tawm cov ntawv ceebtoom txog qhov txuas ntxiv cov cuab yeej sib tw ua haujlwm ntawm Tuam Tshoj Tsoomfwv Chaw Ua Haujlwm Txuas Tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsev kho mob, CDCs thiab lwm cov kab mob sib kis rau pem hauv ntej tseem tshaj tawm tshaj tawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj kev tshaj tawm kev yuav khoom ntawm cov khoom kho mob xws li khoom siv kho mob thaum muaj xwm ceev, khoom siv tiv thaiv thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm.
Tam sim no, tus qauv kub rau kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kabmob tshiab yog nrhiav pom qee qhov nucleic acid ua ntu zus hauv cov gene hauv cov neeg mob. Qhov pom ntawm fluorescent RT-PCR txujci siv ntau hauv chaw soj ntsuam thiab chaw soj ntsuam kab mob. Txoj kev nrhiav kom tau no yog qhov paub tab thiab ntseeg tau. Nws yog dav siv hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tas li thiab kev tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb fawb, yog li nws tsis yooj yim pom tias hauv kev yuav khoom ntawm cov khoom siv xws li tsev kho mob thiab CDCs lub hlis no, tuaj yeem pom tias kev yuav khoom rau PCR tshuab thiab nucleic acid extractors muaj nce ho.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus sau xov xwm ntawm Cov Ntawv Xov Xwm Ntawm Lub Vev Xaib Kev Tshawb Fawb kuj tseem pom nyob hauv ntau cov ntaub ntawv kev ua haujlwm hauv lub Ib Hlis tias hauv cov npe khoom ntawm ntau lub tsev kho mob thiab CDCs, lwm hom khoom siv kuj tau tshwm sim hauv cov khoom muag cov npe ntawm tsev kho mob ntau zaus. , Ntawd yog, microbial loj spectrometry nrhiav kom tau cov kab ke. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau siv rau hauv kev kho mob ib puag ncig rau kev sib txuas ua ntu zus, cov qauv ntsuas, kev ntsuas qhov hnyav thiab txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua qhov kev tivthaiv hauv cov kab mob. Cov khoom siv roj ntsha tsim hluav taws xob loj yog: MALD-TOF thev naus laus zis (matrix Pab txoj kev tsom xam ionization lub sij hawm-ntawm-davhlau loj spectrometry), electrospray ionization tandem huab hwm coj spectrometry (ESI-MS / MS) thiab electrospray quadrupole lub sij hawm ntawm ya davhlau loj spectrometry (ESI -QTOF).
Kev kuaj mob microbiological ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas tus kab mob sib kis, qhia kev noj tshuaj, tswj kab mob hauv tsev kho mob, thiab kev tswj cov tshuaj tua kab mob. MALDI-TOF thev naus laus zis tawm hauv xyoo 1980s thiab txhim kho sai heev. Nws tau hloov kho cov tsoos loj spectrometry thev naus laus zis, uas yog siv rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov roj me me. Nws tsis tsuas yog coj mus rau hauv lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, tab sis kuj Kev kho mob thiab kev lom neeg teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaj chaw kev kuaj mob microbiological tau coj kev hloov pauv. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob haiv neeg thiab kab mob cais tawm, nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, kev thov MALDI-TOF hauv thaj chaw cov chaw kuaj mob kuj tseem nthuav dav ntxiv, suav nrog kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob ncaj qha hauv kev soj ntsuam cov kab mob, kuaj pom tus kab mob muaj zog rau tshuaj, thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic. Hom kev tshawb fawb, yog li nws muaj cov ntawv thov dav dav rau hauv kev kho mob chaw kuaj mob.
Protein ntiv tes ntiv tes thev naus laus zis yog thev naus laus zis tshiab nrog kev nce siab ntawm proteomics. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, ntau thiab ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tau kawm kab mob me me ntawm qib protein. Cov protein ntau yog cov ua yeeb yam ntawm cov kab mob. Xyoo 1996, Clayin thiab lwm tus tau siv MALDI-TOF los txheeb xyuas qhov ua tiav Kev siv cov kab mob gram-negative qhia tias cov kab mob ntawm cov genera thiab cov tsiaj sib txawv muaj cov cim ntiv tes sib txawv. Cov kab mob tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau sai sai raws li cov kab mob protein protein ntawm cov ntiv tes. Tus kws tshawb fawb Tang Hong los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Microbiology, Suav Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab lwm tus tau siv cov thev naus laus zis thiab nrhiav kev siv" Protein Mass Spectrometry Fingerprinting" txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov protein nyob hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm SARS thiab cov neeg mob uas tsis yog SARS. Cov qauv no los kuaj tus kab mob SARS tau raug tshuaj pom zoo los ntawm Lub Tsev Khomob Beijing Tiantan. Qhov ntsuas tus nqi zoo yog ze rau 95%, thiab qhov tshwj xeeb yog ze rau 96%. Qhov kuaj pom tuaj yeem tau rau thawj hnub mob npaws.
Ib qho ntxiv, txhawm rau thov hauv cov chaw txhaj tshuaj, cov neeg tsim khoom tshuaj loj cov neeg tsim khoom siv yuav tsum tau thov cov ntawv pov thawj cov khoom siv tshuaj los ntawm Lub Xeev Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj Tswj. (Nyem" Nyeem thawj cov ntawv nyeem" nyob rau tom kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm kom paub txog cov khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg tsim khoom siv loj cov khoom nruab nrog pom zoo los ntawm NMPA hauv Suav lag luam thiab hauv lub sijhawm siv tau) Tam sim no, muaj 9 MALDI-TOF cov tuam txhab muag nyob hauv Suav lag luam thiab tau cov ntawv tso cai kho mob ntaus ntawv (hauv lub sijhawm siv tau). Cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam suav nrog Fabkis Mérieux thiab Brook, thaum cov tuam txhab tsim khoom suav nrog Zhuhai Meihua, Darui Biotech, Kev Kub Siab, Serdi Bio, Yicheng Moody (Rongzhi Bio), Tianrui Cov Khoom Siv, Antu Biotech. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov naj npawb ntawm MALDI-TOF cov tuam ntxhab hauv cov khoom lag luam hauv Suav tau ntau tshaj cov neeg lag luam txawv teb. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tiv thaiv cov kabmob sib kis, cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntsuas pom pom hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom kho mob kom ua haujlwm uas cov koog loj xws li tsev kho mob yuav cov khoom siv. Tseem xum cov khoom siv txawv teb.