Txoj cai ua haujlwm
Ntau hom coagulation twj siv sib txawv. Tam sim no, txoj kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb yog txoj kev coagulation, substrate chromogenic txoj kev, txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, latex agglutination method, thiab lwm yam.
1. Coagulation method (biophysical method)
Txoj kev coagulation yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau lub cev (lub teeb, hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam) hauv plasma raws li kev ua ntawm coagulation activator, thiab tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm lub computer thiab hloov mus rau qhov kawg tshwm sim. , yog li nws tseem tuaj yeem hu ua kev cai lij choj ntawm lub cev.
2. Substrate chromogenic method (Biochemical method)
Cov txheej txheem chromogenic substrate yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm chromogenic substrate, uas tuaj yeem hu ua txoj kev biochemical. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tsim kom muaj ib tug me me peptide uas muaj ib tug zoo ib yam ntawm cov amino acids rau tej yam ntuj tso coagulation yam thiab muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw ua hauj lwm thiab txuas cov tshuaj genes uas yuav hydrolyzed los ua xim nrog cov amino acid ntawm lub active site. Thaum lub sij hawm kev txiav txim, vim hais tias cov coagulation factor muaj cov kev ua ntawm lub proteolytic enzyme, nws tsis tau tsuas yog ua nyob rau hauv lub natural protein peptide saw tab sis kuj ua nyob rau hauv cov hluavtaws peptide saw substrate, yog li tso cov noob chromogenic thiab ua cov kua xim. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov xim uas tsim yog proportional rau cov kev ua ntawm cov coagulation yam, tso cai kom muaj nuj nqis. Tam sim no, muaj ntau ntau cov hluavtaws peptide substrates, thiab feem ntau siv yog p-nitroaniline (PNA), uas yog daj thiab tuaj yeem ntsuas ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 405 hli.
3. Immunological txoj kev
Hauv txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj purified xeem yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txuas tau npaj, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yog qhov zoo thiab ntau txiav txim siab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antigen-antibody.
Keeb kwm kev loj hlob
Xyoo 1910, Kottman tau tsim lub ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej coagulation ntxov tshaj plaws, uas qhia txog lub sijhawm ntawm plasma coagulation los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov viscosity thaum cov ntshav coagulation.
Xyoo 1922, Kugelmass tau siv lub turbidimeter los ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv hauv lub teeb xa mus los cuam tshuam lub sijhawm plasma coagulation.
Xyoo 1950, Schnitger thiab Gross tau tsim lub tshuab coagulation raws li txoj kev electro-galvanic.
Hauv xyoo 1960, cov cuab yeej siv tshuab coagulation tau tsim, thiab cov txheej txheem sib nqus hlau nplaum thaum ntxov tau tshwm sim.
Tom qab xyoo 1970, vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuab thiab hluav taws xob kev lag luam, ntau hom kev siv tshuab coagulation tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Nyob rau xyoo 1980, vim yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm chromogenic substrates thiab lawv daim ntawv thov hauv kev tshawb pom cov ntshav coagulation, cov twj paj nruag tsis siv neeg coagulation tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas dav dav, tab sis kuj tseem pom ib yam ntawm coagulation, anticoagulation, thiab fibrinolysis systems. Kev tshawb pom ntawm anticoagulation thiab fibrinolysis ua tau.
Nyob rau xyoo 1980s, qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm ob txoj kev sib nqus sib nqus sib nqus hlau nplaum tau coj lub tswv yim tshiab rau kev kuaj pom ntawm thrombus thiab hemostasis. Vim nws cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, qee qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev kuaj pom qhov muag tsis muaj nyob hauv hom ntsuas ntsuas no.
Nyob rau xyoo 1990, kev txhim kho ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov cuab yeej tsis siv neeg coagulation sib xyaw ua ke ntau txoj hauv kev tshawb pom, thiab cov khoom kuaj pom tau zoo dua, uas tau muab txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev kuaj pom ntawm thrombus thiab hemostasis.